References
Supporting patients with lymphoedema: the role of healthcare professionals in improving health-related quality of life

Abstract
The article provides a brief overview of quality of life in patients with lymphoedema and expands on specific aspects of living with the condition, such as physical, emotional and social impacts. Lymphoedema has an impact on body image and mental health, which put the responsibility on healthcare professionals to assist the patient in dealing with the emotional and psychological aspects of lymphoedema. Managing the symptoms and using the best-suited compression garments is essential to improve overall health-related quality of life. The authors suggests methods and ways for clinicians and nurses to help their patients in all areas of lymphoedema management.
Lymphoedema is a chronic swelling of tissue caused by disruption to the normal functioning of the lymphatic system. It may be developmental (primary lymphoedema) or acquired (secondary lymphoedema). The body's extremities, such as an arm or a leg, are the most commonly affected areas (BMJ Best Practice, 2022). Globally, the most prevalent cause of secondary lymphoedema is a filarial nematode infection, affecting nearly 657 million people in 39 countries worldwide (World Health Organization, 2024). However, this is rare in developed countries and secondary lymphoedema is more often a result of malignancy.
Both primary and secondary lymphoedema affect the patient's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in multiple ways. There are several physical, emotional and mental impacts of lymphoedema, and these often vary depending on the severity of the condition.
The pain experienced by patients with lymphoedema can restrict mobility and activities of daily living, such as washing and dressing. Skin is significantly affected by the condition as it becomes hardened and is vulnerable to cellulitis. The nature of the chronic swelling with no realistic cure becomes increasingly restrictive over time, causing chronic discomfort and fatigue. The secondary physical effects of lymphoedema originate from decreased mobility and a lack of physical activity.
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