References

Ahmed N, Hughes P, Winslow M, Bath PA, Collins K, Noble B A pilot randomised controlled trial of a holistic needs assessment questionnaire in a supportive and palliative care service. J Pain Symptom Manage.. 2015; 50:(5)587-599 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.05.010

Alvariza A, Holm M, Benkel I A person-centred approach in nursing: validity and reliability of the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool. Eur J Oncol Nurs.. 2018; 35:(2018)1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2018.04.005

Antunes B, Harding R, Higginson I Implementing patient-reported outcome measures in palliative care clinical practice: a systematic review of facilitators and barriers. Palliat Med.. 2014; 28:(2)158-175 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216313491619

Austin L, Ewing G, Grande G Factors influencing practitioner adoption of carer-led assessment in palliative home care: a qualitative study of the use of the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT). PLoS ONE.. 2017; 12:(6) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179287

Bone AE, Gomes B, Etkind SN What is the impact of population ageing on the future provision of end-of-life care? Population-based projections of place of death. Palliat Med.. 2018; 32:(2)329-336 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216317734435

Carduff E, Finucane A, Kendall M Understanding the barriers to identifying carers of people with advanced illness in primary care: triangulating three data sources. BMC Fam Pract.. 2014; 15 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-15-48

Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT).. 2016. http://csnat.org/resources/

Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT).. 2013. https://tinyurl.com/yxrsq2s2

Diffin J, Ewing G, Harvey G, Grande G Facilitating successful implementation of a person-centred intervention to support family carers within palliative care: a qualitative study of the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) intervention. BMC Palliative Care.. 2018a; 17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-018-0382-5

Diffin J, Ewing G, Harvey G, Grande G The influence of context and practitioner attitudes on implementation of person-centred assessment and support for family carers within palliative care. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs.. 2018b; 15:(5)377-385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12323

Epiphaniou E, Hamilton D, Bridger S Adjusting to the caregiving role: the importance of coping and support. Int J Palliat Nurs.. 2012; 18:(11)541-545 https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2012.18.11.541

Ewing G, Austin L, Grande G The role of the carer support needs assessment tool (CSNAT) in palliative home care: a qualitative study of practitioners perspectives of its impact and mechanisms of action. Palliat Med.. 2016a; 30:(4)392-400 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216315596662

Ewing G, Austin L, Gibson D, Grande G Enabling successful hospital discharge to home at end of life: can a carer support needs assessment tool (CSNAT) help improve support for family carers?. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2016; 6:(3)384-408 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2016-001204.21

Ewing G, Austin L, Jones D, Grande G Who cares for carers at hospital discharge et the end of life? A qualitative study of current practice in discharge planning and the potential value of using the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) Approach. Palliat Med.. 2018; 32:(5)939-949 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216318756259

Ewing G, Brundle C, Payne S, Grande G The carer support needs assessment tool (CSNAT) for use in palliative care and end of life care at home: a validation study. J Pain Symptom Manage.. 2013; 46:(2013)395-405 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.09.008

Ewing G, Grande G Development of a Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) for end-of-life care practice at home: a qualitative study. Palliat Med.. 2013; 27:(3)244-256 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216312440607

Gomes B, Calanzani N, Gysels M, Hall S, Higginson I Heterogenity and changes in preferences for dying at home: a systematic review. BMC Palliat Care.. 2013; 12 https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-684X-12-7

Grande G, Stajduhar K, Aoun S Supporting lay carers in end of life care: current gaps and future priorities. Palliat Med.. 2009; 23:(2009)339-344 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216309104875

Griffiths J, Ewing G, Rogers M Early support visits by district nurses to cancer patients at home: a multi-perspective qualitative study. Palliat Med.. 2013; 27:(4)349-357 https://doi-org.ezproxy.is.ed.ac.uk/10.1177/0269216312451949

Jack B, O'Brien M, Scrutton J, Baldry C, Groves K Supporting family carers providing end-of-life home care: a qualitative study on the impact of a hospice at home service. J Clin Nurs.. 2014; 24:(1)131-140 https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12695

McIlfatrick S, Hasson F Evaluating an holistic assessment tool for palliative care practice. J Clin Nurs.. 2013; 23:(2013)1064-1075 https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12320

Nelson D, Mansfield P, Kane R Carers of people affected by cancer and other long-term conditions at end of life: a qualitative study of providing a bespoke package of support in a rural setting. Palliat Med.. 2017; 31:(2)158-161 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216316648073

Pearson S Promoting sexual health services to young men: findings from focus group discussions. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care.. 2003; 29:(4)194-198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1783/147118903101198079

Rezende G, Gomes CA, Rugno FC, Eva G, Lima NKC, de Carlo MMRP Burden on family caregivers of the elderly in oncologic palliative care. Eur Geriatr Med.. 2017; 8:(4)337-341 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2017.06.001

Rowland C, Hanratty B, Pilling M, Van Den Berg B, Grande G The contributions of family care-givers at end of life: a national post-bereavement census survey of cancer carers' hours of care and expenditures. Palliat Med.. 2017; 31:(4)346-355 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216317690479

Royal College of General Practitioners.. 2019. https://tinyurl.com/y5pzyknl

Sharma N, Chakrabarti S, Grover S Gender differences in caregiving among family caregivers of people with mental illness. World J Psychiatry.. 2016; 6:(1)7-17 https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.7

Smith J, Firth J Qualitative data analysis: the framework approach. Nurse Res.. 2011; 18:(2)52-62

Thomas K, Hudson P, Oldham L, Kelly B, Trauer T Meeting the needs of family carers: an evaluation of three home-based palliative care services in Australia. Palliat Med.. 2010; 24:(2)183-191 https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216309351467

Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Healthc.. 2007; 19:(6)349-357 https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042

UK Government.. 2016. https://tinyurl.com/y377cbre

Ward DJ, Furber C, Tierney S, Swallow V Using framework analysis in nursing research: a worked example. J Adv Nurs.. 2013; 69:(11)2423-2431

Williams A, McCorkle R Cancer family caregivers during the palliative, hospice and bereavement phases: a review of the descriptive psychological literature. Palliat Support Care.. 2011; 9:(2011)315-325 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951511000265

Barriers and facilitators to implementing the Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool in a community palliative care setting

02 June 2019
Volume 24 · Issue 6

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Family carers play a central role in community-based palliative care. However, caring for a terminally ill person puts the carer at increased risk of physical and mental morbidity. The Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool (CSNAT) enables comprehensive assessment of carer support needs. The present study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing the CSNAT in a community specialist palliative care service. Semi-structured interviews with 12 palliative care nurse specialists from two community nursing teams in Lothian, Scotland, June 2017. Data was audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed. Palliative care nurse specialists acknowledge the importance of carers in palliative care and encourage carer support practices. Nurses perceived the CSNAT as useful, but used it as an ‘add-on’ to current practice, rather than as a new approach to carer-led assessment. Further training is recommended to ensure community palliative care nurses are familiar with the broader CSNAT approach.

For many people with a terminal illness, home is their preferred place of care (Gomes et al, 2013). To enable this, informal carers, particularly family members and friends, need to provide physical, emotional and practical support to the terminally ill person (Epiphaniou et al, 2012). Such support can include practical assistance with activities of daily living, including personal care, household tasks, financial assistance and social and emotional support (Rowland et al, 2017). Caring is associated with increased risk of physical and mental morbidity (Williams and McCorkle, 2011). In a palliative care context, the demands of the caring role can become all-encompassing. Support for carers can be limited, as carers do not recognise themselves as carers and often feel their needs are not legitimate in comparison to those of the person being cared for (Carduff et al, 2014). To ensure that the wellbeing of carers is maintained and to enable them to care for the terminally ill person, it is important that their needs are assessed (Ewing et al, 2018).

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting Community Nursing and reading some of our peer-reviewed resources for district and community nurses. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:

What's included

  • Limited access to clinical or professional articles

  • New content and clinical newsletter updates each month